25 Nov 2014

"The storyteller" by Mario Vargas Llosa

Part mystery, part fictional biography, part travelogue, part ethnological study, this intriguing tale draws the reader into its onion-like structure. A Peruvian scholar has set himself several academic tasks to be accomplished in Florence, Italy, where he has traveled for a respite from his homeland. While there the narrator discovers a gallery exhibiting photographs of the same Amazonian tribe, the Machiguenga, that he had visited years earlier and never forgotten. One photograph fascinates him, driving him to decipher the story of the storyteller depicted in shadow.
As the narrator traces the history of his college friend, Saul Zuratas, who has not been heard from since he allegedly emigrated to Israel many years earlier, the reader is reminded of Joseph Conrad's narrator Marlow, who recounts the tale of his friend Kurtz, who also disappears into the jungle. The novel explores the evolution of an individual from contemporary Latin American urban life to tribal life in the jungle, as he becomes so obsessed by the tribe that in time he undergoes a conversion.
Gradually he changes from his role as an ethnologist studying Machiguenga culture and passionately supporting its preservation to a role as one of the tribes's central figures, a "talker." Issues of cultural and environmental integrity, of what is "primitive" versus "advanced," and of what modern society truly offers in a setting in which the environment and its inhabitants have successfully coexisted for thousands of years, are treated with great intelligence and sensitivity.
 The narrator as a writer envies his friend's ability to spin tales, wondering at the mystery of transformation from the Spanish native tongue and civilization to the "crackling" language of the Machiguengas and their pagan, animistic belief system. In his youth Zarutas condemns the missionaries, holding that the imposition of their beliefs upon the Indians only produces a nation of zombies. Interestingly, he later recounts the Christian story to "his" people in their own language, terminology, and frame of reference.
Vargas also treats issues of disfigurement: individual, ethnic, and environmental, as well as the related issues of alienation and acceptance, of being an outsider. The audience is given much to consider and marvel at through the spellbinding artistry of the storyteller.
The Storyteller hypnotized me with its rhythmic myths of the Machinguenga storytellers. I was captivated with the imagined scene of gathering around a fire with a group of entranced people listening to the calming lilt of the voice of the storyteller and the comfortingly familiar (to them) stories of Tasurinchi. I could really imagine what it would be like to feel that this was important in their lives. The storyteller was like a medicine man or a shaman whose words were like a healing balm for a people who felt misplaced in the world as it was becoming for them. Mascarita had the soul of a storyteller because he perhaps carried an unconscious identification with his ancestors who wandered as nomads in the desert; a people with no permanent home. For this and many other reasons, he understood what it meant to have no solid ground on which to stand.
Is it better for an anthropologist, as one who studies other cultures, to keep an academic distance from the people who are his subjects? How far should participant observation be taken? Saul Zuratas took it all the way. He abandoned the modern world and joined with a culture that was trying to avoid being assimilated into the world of zombies. The Machinguenga is a culture that is deeply imbued with meaning in every area. Globalization says that progress is king. If a `traditional' culture is impacted by global culture, that is just part of life. Do we hold `traditional' cultures back by wanting them to stay frozen in the past? Or are we `helping' them by bringing them up-to-date with our modern world? I sometimes think it is a battle of meaning versus modernization. Can the two be compatible?

Book review by Brian A.

24 Nov 2014

4th Italian Read-Aloud Club

Country: Italy

Name of partner organization: Tecnopras s.a.s.

Number of participants: 9

Target group: Migrants

Date: 22 November 2014

Location: Association Gli Argonauti 2000, Rome

Duration: 2 hours

Description of activity:

Book chosen: ‘The storyteller’, Mario Vargas Llosa (A visitor from Peru, happening upon an exhibition of photographs from the Amazon jungle in an obscure Florentine picture gallery, finds his attention drawn to a picture of a tribal storyteller seated among a circle of Michiguenga Indians. There is something odd about the storyteller. He is too light-skinned to be an Indian. As the visitor stares at the photograph, it dawns on him that he knows this man. The storyteller is his long-lost friend, Saul Zuratas, his classmate from university who was thought to have disappeared in Israel. ‘The Storyteller’ is a brilliant and compelling study of the world of the primitive and its place in our own modern lives.)
A woman, who has been participating to the Reading Clubs from the very beginning, has proposed the book for this meeting. She contacted us via mail and suggested the choice. We brought the book and copies of the first chapter in the club so that everybody could follow the story. As a first step, however, we asked if someone had any other book suggestion that we could discuss. All participants were very happy with choosing Vargas Llosa. At the end of the meeting, two men from Asia applied to propose the books for next Reading Club.
A good half of the group has decided to meet extra Club before Christmas to visit some Churches in the center of Rome sharing the price for a touristic guide who could explain them the cultural details.